Amendment I.
Congress shall make NO Law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the Free exercise thereof; or
abridging the Freedom of Speech, or of the press; or the Right of the People peaceably to Assemble, and to Petition
the Government for a redress of Grievances.
The Bill of Rights is the name by which the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known. They were
introduced by James Madison to the First United States Congress in 1789 as a series of constitutional amendments, and came
into effect on December 15, 1791, when they had been ratified by three-fourths of the States. Thomas Jefferson was the
main proponent of the Bill of Rights.
The Bill of Rights prohibits Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, forbids infringement of
the right to keep and bear arms, by Congress or citizens in a federal territory and prohibits the federal government from
depriving any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.
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Amendments To The Constitution Of The United States Of America, named the BILL OF RIGHTS The first ten Amendments (Bill of Rights) were ratified effective December 15, 1791.
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Amendment IX.
The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall Not be Construed to Deny or Disparage others
retained by the People.
The Powers Not Delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor Prohibited by it to the States, Are
Reserved to the States respectively, or To The People.
Amendment VIII.
Excessive bail shall not required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
Amendment VII.
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial of jury shall
be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than
according to the rules of common law.
Amendment VI.
In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of
ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the
witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have assistance of
counsel for his defence.
Amendment V.
No person shall be held to answer for a capitol, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or
indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual
service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in
jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived
of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private be taken for public use, without just
compensation.
Amendment IV.
The Right of the People to be Secure in their Persons, Houses, Papers, and Effects, against unreasonable searches
and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or
affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the persons or things to be seized.
Amendment III.
No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in Any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of
War, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.
Amendment II.
A Well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a Free State, the Right Of The People To Keep and
Bear Arms, SHALL NOT BE INFRINGED.
IMPORTANT FOR ALL AMERICANS TO KNOW
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Above in more detail: "The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite. The former will be exercised principally on external objects, as war, peace, negotiation and foreign commerce. The powers reserved to the several States will extend to all the objects which in the ordinary course of affairs, concern the lives and liberties, and properties of the people, and the internal order, improvement and prosperity of the State." - James Madison, Federalist Paper No. 25, 1788 - considered the 'father of the Constitution'
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"On every question of construction, [let us] carry ourselves back to the time when the Constitution was Instead of Trying What Meaning May Be Squeezed Out of the Text, or Invented Against it, Conform to the Probable One in which it was Passed." Thomas Jefferson
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the preservation of public peace, as well against internal convulsions as external security); (2) attacks; (3) the regulation of commerce with other nations and between states; (4) the affairs)." - Alexander Hamilton,
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